A People's Guide to Los Angeles - Laura Pulido, Laura Barraclough, Wendy Cheng - Paperback. Chapter One. North Los Angeles. An Introduction to North Los Angeles. For hundreds of years the region we will call North L. A. When the Tongva, the local indigenous people, dominated the region, one of their largest settlements was Yang- Na (near the current L. A. Spanish and Mexican settlers also concentrated nearby, at the plaza. Starting in the 1. Los Angeles grew in a leapfrog fashion, with multiple urban centers spread across the landscape. Since then, many observers have claimed that L. A. This claim, however, is untrue. This part of the metropolis continues to be crucially important in structuring relationships of power and inequality that affect life not only here but also across the entire Los Angeles metropolitan area and beyond. The linked processes of urban development, displacement, and resistance have fundamentally shaped life and landscape in North L. A. These dynamics began when Yang- Na was sold to a German investor who evicted the native residents. During the twentieth century, city leaders and capitalists consistently tried to lure people and investors downtown through a range of cultural, political, and economic inducements. Often they used eminent domain and other techniques to eradicate . Episodes of displacement include the eviction of Chinese residents from Chinatown in the early 1. This paper outlines the history of Palestine to show how this process occurred and what a moral solution to the region’s problems should consist of. Learn how SAMHSA programs and resources support preventing and ending homelessness among people with mental and/or substance use disorders. Guidebook for the 99 Percent. Let the tour buses take the throngs to visit Marilyn Monroe's hand. The trials and adventures of a female doctor in a small wild west town. Using other people’s research or ideas without giving them due credit is plagiarism. Contains the electronic versions of 80 books previously published in hard copy as part of the Country Studies Series by the Federal Research Division. Union Station; the forced evacuation of Japanese Americans from Little Tokyo during World War II; the eviction of Mexican residents from Chavez Ravine in the early 1. Dodger Stadium was later built; and the complete destruction of Bunker Hill, beginning in the 1. L. A. The development projects that have been changing the southern edge of downtown in recent years- for example, the Staples Center, the L. A. Live entertainment complex, and countless loft apartments- continue the linked trends of urban development and displacement into the twenty- first century. Although the area is experiencing higher and higher densities, there is less and less space for the poor and working class, who struggle to make a life amid the visions and decisions of the metropolis's political and social elite. These conflicts are apparent in the area's contemporary landscapes. Here are the governmental buildings and informal social settings where political and economic leaders plan the region's future. The sleek, postmodern skyscrapers where they work cast a shadow on tenement buildings owned by absentee landlords who refuse to make repairs while anxiously awaiting the condemnation of their properties for urban redevelopment. Garment factories- cum- sweatshops, which constitute a major part of L. The history of Cambodia, a country in mainland Southeast Asia, can be traced back to at least the 5th millennium BC. Detailed records of a political structure on the. Bush, as the 41st President (1989-1993), brought to the White House a dedication to traditional American values and a determination to direct them toward. A.'s manufacturing economy, are clustered in downtown industrial buildings, discreet except for the telltale clatter of sewing machines emanating from small windows. Skid Row and Pershing Square, two (forced) gathering places of the homeless, are also in this area. Yet the tradition of resistance to displacement and exploitation is as strong and old in this part of the city as the history of urban development. This region's neighborhoods have long been a cultural and political crossroads, where people from different backgrounds have converged, shared, and created new ideas and movements. Some of the region's most vital and groundbreaking progressive social movements were formed in North L. A.'s neighborhoods, often led by immigrants and oriented to the needs and demands of the working class and poor. Among other things, a revitalized labor movement, led by Justice for Janitors and the former Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union, has demanded workers' right to unionize and to be paid a living wage; the Bus Riders Union has mobilized for an efficient, clean, and affordable mass transit system; and immigrants, homeless people, and LGBT people have organized against harassment and police brutality. Indeed, the very diversity of North L. A., as well as the leftist traditions that have developed within it, have made this part of the city particularly attractive to all kinds of marginalized people. Notably, in this part of the city there has always been a large cluster of sites important to LGBT people, who have found in the bookstores, bars, and clubs a safe place for the expression of their identities and the formation of queer communities. In these same places, people have often developed politicized gay identities and worked collectively for sexual justice. Through all of these struggles, marginalized people have consistently demanded their . Absent a structural analysis, such patterns of geographic representation feed into dominant ideologies of immigrant upward mobility, including the . Furthermore, such representations reinforce damaging stereotypes of immigrants (particularly Asians) as . This is where the power of the state- local and national- is wielded: L. A. County Hall of Administration, and numerous federal buildings, courthouses, and jails are located in this sector. In addition, many corporations and key cultural and political institutions have their headquarters here. And just as power is not distributed equally among people, the same is true of places. In sum, it is here where the aspirations of the city's power brokers meet and collide most visibly with its laborers, poor, and homeless. North Los Angeles Sites. Biddy Mason Park. S. Spring St., Los Angeles 9. W. 4th St.)(Downtown)Bridget . In 1. 83. 6, she was purchased by Robert and Rebecca Smith, who later became Mormons and moved to Utah. In 1. 85. 1, the Smiths relocated to San Bernardino, California, to start a new Mormon community. Fortunately for Mason, California had been admitted to the union as a free state in 1. Technically speaking, this meant that all the Smith slaves were free. However, a few years later, when Mason's owner tried to convince her and the other slaves that moving to Texas- a slave state- would not imperil their freedom, she sought assistance from free African Americans. A lawsuit ensued, and the judge affirmed that Mason was a free person. The ruling was just in time, because the very next year, in 1. Dred Scott decision would have affirmed her status as property. Mason was a skilled midwife, and as a free woman, she invested all her savings in real estate, beginning with her first house at 3. Spring Street. Her home eventually became the site of the First African Methodist Episcopal Church, which she helped found, as well as Los Angeles' first child care center. Mason used much of her wealth to assist other African Americans, particularly recent arrivals, and the poor of all races. Mason died in 1. 89. Evergreen Cemetery. Biddy Mason Park features a mural dedicated to Mason and a time line tracing key events in her life. The park itself was developed in 1. The Power of Place, spearheaded by Dolores Hayden, which was an effort to begin documenting and preserving important sites in Los Angeles that were not associated with great white men and their buildings. Personal reflection by Dolores Hayden, urban historian and author of The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History. Biddy Mason's life and work inspired many Los Angeles residents in the nineteenth century. Researching and writing her story in the 1. The Power of Place, which I based on the lives of working women, men, and children. Ultimately my 1. 99. The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History, brought Biddy Mason's life to people far from Southern California as part of a commitment to urban history. More than two decades later, the project lives on in many forms and many places. Nearby Site of Interest. Bradbury Building. S. Broadway, Los Angeles 9. Architecturally significant office building designed by George Wyman and built in 1. Featured in many films, including Blade Runner. Visitors welcome. Favorite Neighborhood Restaurants. Homegirl Caf. Bruno St., Los Angeles 9. A project of Father Greg Boyle's Homeboy Industries, which provides youth with an alternative to gangs, the Homegirl Caf. Recipes are made with ingredients grown in Homegirl's own organic garden. Philippe's the Original. N. Alameda St., Los Angeles 9. Established in 1. Philippe's is an L. A. Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles 9. Sanborn Ave. A few minutes into New Year's Day 1. LAPD officers began beating patrons of two gay bars on Sunset Boulevard. Raiding first the Black Cat and then New Faces, police severely injured several people and arrested sixteen (for more on police abuse of LGBT folk, see entry 1. Pershing Square). Officers charged thirteen people with lewd conduct, two with drunkenness, and one with assault on an officer. Six weeks later, on February 1. Black Cat to protest police harassment of queer people. The event helped to mark Silver Lake as a gay neighborhood and establish connections between the emerging gay liberation movement and other radical movements at the time, including the antiwar, Black liberation, and Chicana/o movements. It was coordinated to coincide with similar protests planned in Watts by African American activists, in East Los Angeles and Pacoima by Chicana/o activists, and in Venice and on the Sunset Strip by hippies. Collectively, these protests challenged police abuse and drew links between racial and sexual oppression and the development of radical activism. Unfortunately, the Black Cat's proposed alliances between Black, Chicana/o, and gay liberation implicitly designated . Subsequently, neighborhood activists attempted to counter this assumption, for example by organizing the Sunset Junction street festival and forming Gay and Lesbian Latinos Unidos. This address is currently the site of Le Barcito, a gay bar. Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles 9. Popular Mexican restaurant in a Silver Lake strip mall. Try the dobladitas de mole (corn tortillas folded around melted cheese and smothered in rich mole sauce) or pollo en mole. Caf. Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles 9. Cuban bakery. Customer favorites include fresh- pressed caf. During the 1. 98.
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